James b



J. B. SKINNER.

Plow.

Patented Apr. 30. 1867. 4

Witnesses:

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PLOUGHS.

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TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN Be it known that I, JAMES B. SKINNER. ofRockford, in the county of .Winnebago, and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Ploughs, of which thefollowing is a fulI, clear, and exact description, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings, which make part of this specification, andin which Figure 1 is a view in elevation of a plough embracing myimprovements as seen from the land-side.

Figure 2 represents a plan view of the same inverted.

Figure 3 represents a front and end view of one of theswingle-trees; and

Figure 4, a view showing my mode of uniting the mould-board and share.

The improvements herein claimed consist, fiirst, in a novel mode ofbracing the plough so as to combine strength with lightness; second, inso arranging the standard as to prevent clogging on the land-side;third, in a novel mode of uniting the mould-board and lay or share so asto form a smooth surface, and prevent the clogging of the mould-board.

In ploughs having wrought-iron standards it has heretofore beencustomary to use a casting or such shape -,as to fit the under side ofthe mould-board, between the land-side and the front part of thestandard. Now,

while this method of construction materially strengthened the plough, itwas objectionable on account of the additional weight thus given to theplough, and from the liability of the soil to clog on this casting, andthus increase the friction of the plough. To obviate this objection,.andat the same time avoid friction or clogging on the land-side of theplough, as much as possible, I weld a strip, d, on the standard A, nextthe laud-side D, to which it is securely bolted. .This-strip acts bothas a brace to strengthen the plough, and as a bracket to set thestandard further in from the land-side. The strain is likewisethus-exerted edgcwise on the standard, which is its line of greatestresistance. The standard may either be inserted into the beam 13, asshown in the drawings, or connected with it by a clamp embracing thebeam. I also stiffen the standard by adiagonal brace, C, likewise weldedto the standard. The inner handle, E, passes through the rear of thebeam, and is bolted to the standard, which is bent inward just at thecurve, I), while the outer handle, E, is secured to the outer uppercorner of the mould-board F, the inner end of which is secured to thestandard by a brace, a. A brace, G, connects the mould-board andland-side. Much difficulty has been encountered in making a smooth jointbetween the mould-board and share, and in holding the lower edge of themould-board in its proper position, as, in polishing, the friction ofthe grinding-wheel causes so much heat as to warp or spring themould-board, and the same diflicnlt-y regurs during the hardeningprocess. This difiieulty I have, however, succeeded in obviating, byusing a patch, 2', welded to the under side of the mould-board, andprojecting beyond it, as shown in fig. 4. This patch is overlapped by acorresponding lip, i, on the share, the board and share being firmlyunited by braces g. This plan unites the parts securely, and gives ahandsome finish to the plough.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. The brace d, welded or fastened to the lower part of the standard andto the laud-side, as and for the purpose described.

2. The arrangement, as described, of the plough-beam, mould-board,land-side, and handles, with the curved standard and diagonal brace C,for the purposes of reducing the weight and increasing the strength ofthe plough, as set forth. '7

3. The standard, constructed and connectedwith the land-side and innerhandle, as described, for the purpose of avoiding friction or clogging,as set forth.

4. The arrangement, as described, of the overlapping lipsii, on theinner front corner of the mouldboard and share, for the purposes setforth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.

JAMES B. SKINNEB.

Witnesses: v

Geo. E. SKINNER, WHEELER MEAD.

